Kind of Music

 

 

I want to tell you three types of music.

 

 

Nocturne

Nocturne is a music that expresses the state of a quiet evening. There is no particular musical form. Many of them slow their tempo. They are often used to wear a melody to the accompaniment of the arpeggio. Originally, the short form of music for orchestra and chamber music or refers to the vocal music accompanied by instrumental accompaniment. John Field who was an Irish composer was a founder because he was established as a solo piano music. It is Chopin's Nocturne is famous, and was composed under the influence of John Field.

 

 Suite

  It refers to the instrumental music multiple combined. Suite is divided into roughly divided into classic and modern suite. Suite in Baroque were called classical suite and suite for Kuravusan is it starts. Suite of keyboard instrument format was transmitted to Germany. “Suite British” and “French Suite” for Bach's clavier is representative. The German suite was basic the combination of the four dance called "Armand" "coolant" "Sarabande" "Zeke".

  Armando is a spacious dance music of four-four time.

  Coolant is a slightly faster tempo dance music. 2-3 ​​time and 4-6 time will appear in rotation.

  Sarabande is Spanish in origin. It is a dance of triple time.

  Zeke is a British origin. It is a dance of lilting triple time.

  When toward the end of the 17th century, or join prelude, dance is now sandwiched between.

  Then, Suite will continue to develop into ballet music and opera music. These are made on or after the Romantics, called modern suite. It says the piano and orchestral arrangements were such as incidental music for the concert of play. Since there is no rule as classic suite, are written in a free-form.

 

 

 

 

Fugue

  Vocal music were written in the style of the Renaissance period have developed from the arrangement for the clavier. It is a form of imitation and its melody consisting of the subject come out one after another. However, now produce music to expand the relatively long contrapuntal imitation by the subject matter of the single. It is also used in the field as well as vocal instrumental field. It has become the main way composers of the Baroque era.

  Fugue can be divided into three parts roughly.

         Envoi - imitation parts - the presenting unit

  It is similar to the sonata form first glance but it is not significantly different. As there is a sonata form as the vertices of repeat form, fugue is present in the form of imitation vertex. Fugue keeps always the number of voices. Features of fugue appear in the Envoi. Role of the Envoi is to present the subject. Subject of the fugue is single and certain rules is observed that the method of Envoi.

  It is the imitation has finished presenting unit. It is much larger than that of other portions and Method of deployment of subjects is also a wide variety. It free to move and while the subject material and it is used for various tone name rich in modulation.
  Finally, the conclusion is. It leads to a finale to reproduce the subject. It is free configuration.

  It can say in terms of its influence on modern music, may not measure what you give of fugue, and was greater than that of the sonata form.

Main Composer

I introduced three composers.

Johann Sebastian Bach

Johann Sebastian Bach was born in Eisenach, March 21, 1685. His family was a musician from generation to generation. His parents passed away when he was 10 years old.

  He served as organist. (1707-1708) Then, he dropped his work for four months because he listened to the musical performance of Dieterich Buxtehude who was a composer typical of Northern Germany. In this period, he composed first church music and cantatas.

  He moved Weimar in 1708 and he became a court organist and a violinist. At this time, he learned the latest form of Italian concerto with Johann Ernst Bach who was a nephew of the Duke of Weimar. He arranged the concerto of Antonio Lucio Vivaldi and Alessandro Marcello for organ and cembalo. He was associated with the Dresden court by this time. Dresden was one of the area Italian opera was popular in Germany. He did not compose opera music, but vocal music, including cantatas and Passion, was composed after this were representation of the opera style was being used.

He was welcomed to the court of Kothen Kapellmeister in 1717. In this time, he composed a large number of concertos and chamber music. He wrote a piece for the education because his children had grown. “Invention and Sinfonien” and “Das Wohltemperirte Clavier” were what had evolved from a song that was composed for his eldest son. “wohltemperiert” means “well-tempered”.

Later years of editing, Mass which summarized what had been already composed was main work.

  Thus, he passed away on July 28, 1750.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

  Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg, January27, 1756. He demonstrated the ability of genius from childhood and he composed first music when he was five years old.

In 1763-1766, he traveled with his family playing the Western European countries. In that journey, he met with Johann Schobert and Johann Christian. Passion-filled music of Schobert had made use of minor music. Symphony of Christian opened the way to the creation of a Mozart symphony.

In 1773-1777, he was engaged in duties as court musician. He composed for four years, for example, piano concerto of five music, violin concerto and symphony of nine music.

Then he discarded the position as court musician and he lived in Vienna as a composer. The first half of the Vienna period, there were many composition of piano concerto.

In 1786, he began to compose opera harder. The same year, “The Marriage of Figaro” that had great success with the premiere was then popular in Prague. The following year, “Don Giovanni” was a great success as well. However, when it came to this time, people of Vienna were beginning to get tired of his performances. Therefore, his livelihood became dangerous.

  Thus, he passed away on December 5, 1791.

Frederic Francois Chopin

Frederic Francois Chopin was born in Zelazowa Wola, March 1, 1810. After half a year, his family moved to Warsaw. When he was a baby, he did not like music, but a little bigger, his mother and sister were playing the piano, he had listened to the sound sank under the piano. So, his sister taught him to play the piano. He quickly improve and section he heard once was easily reproducible.

 Wojciech adalbert Zywny who studied at the age of six kept note carefully the march and the poroneze came up with him. At the age of seven, he was invited to Government of the Russian Emperor and he showed off a new march.

Since then, his genius had been exhibited in various places. However, he was sickly since childhood. Early 1849 he had been a little bit of strength recovery, he wrote music mazurka. This was his last music.

  Thus, he passed away on October 17, 1849.

History

The Middle Age Music

The middle age music flourished around the 15th century from the 5th century. It was equivalent to the Kamakura from the Heian in Japan. The end of 8th century, Pope Gregory created Gregorian chant which he collected some of church music. Gregorian chant was created for the ceremony of Roma and sung succeed. It was based on development music. So, this was the beginning of classical music. In this period, people created a lot of sacred song because the center of music was churches. Music form was one melody from the beginning. Afterward, it changed many melodies gradually.

Renaissance Music

Renaissance music flourished around the 17th century from the 15th century. It spread from Flanders. In this period, composers expressed sounds in free form. The music which composed different part of the voice called polyphony. Composers created vocal music and religious music. The typical composers were Dufay and Despres.

Baroque Music

Baroque music flourished around the 18th century from the 17th century. In this period, composers created not vocal music but a lot of instrument pieces. New instruments were invented, but old instruments were developed expression of sound which was suited for atmosphere. In this period, orchestra began to activity. Modern orchestra’s way of thinking was born together opera (including the chorus Overture, Prelude, Aria and Recitative), concerto and sonata. Previously, composers were taking out the originality through the use of a certain chord progression and melody line. However, when it comes to this period, harmonic system has been used effectively on the basis of a major and a minor scale. The typical composers were Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel and Georg Philipp Telemann.

Classical Music

Classical music flourished around the 19th century from the 18th century. At that time, composers were active in Vienna of the Roman Empire because there was a rich and elegant city. They created the genre of music and introduced a form that follows the present day. This is called sonata form. It has been refined structure and presentation. In this period, composers made many Symphonies and concertos. Before the baroque, polyphony was the main music. However, this period gradually changed to homophony. Then, the foundation was created Symphonies and orchestral music. In addition, to play a fine expression rich volume became possible because piano appeared to replace the harpsichord. Also, receptor music was shifting from aristocracy to bourgeois. The typical composers were Franz Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Peter Schubert.

Roman Music

Romantic music flourished around the 20th century from the 19th century. It has spread from Europe. In this period, music began to develop the classical music by the spirit of Romanticism. Homophony style of that was developed in the classical music was mature in this period. Then, chromatic tonal were added to the composer's technique and they were used in a lot of the songs dissonance and modulation. Structure of music was associated with poetries and stories. Then, Composers were express to freely their feelings. The typical composers were Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, Jacob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Franz Liszt, Frederic Chopin and Richard Strauss.

Modern Music

Modern music flourished after the 20th century. It was belief music. It was moving to the transitional music to sensory representation. Composers had been placed in a sensory impression of the outside and subtle atmosphere. They used six whole-tone scale and Innovative techniques run counter to traditional tonal. Twelve-tone technique was created in this period and the ways of expression by music spread throughout the infinite. The typical composers were Rebecca Helferich Clarke, Claude Achille Debussy, Modest Mussorgsky and Petr Ilich Tchaikovsky.